Research proposal--- The effects of transnational media on Asian Proposal

- The impacts of transnational media on Asian nations - Research Proposal Example The progression in innovation prompted the free progression of correspondence to everywhere throughout the world in spite of the obstruction from the non-Western nations. Fast headway in correspondence innovation ensured the transnational media the uncontrolled introduction of crowd everywhere throughout the world toward the western messages. Western motion pictures, news, music, game shows and other diversion things have gotten effectively assessable to all. This uncontrolled infiltration of westerm media to different societies and conventions has become prevailing aspect of the headway of transnational media. Satellite, link and PC have enabled the crowd to pick and get the media messages with no control. Neighborhood governments have no opportunity to reprimand and control the substance of the transnational media programs and the nearby crowd have picked up the complete opportunity of decision, in light of their qualities and tastes, what to see and not to see. This frequently pro mpts the social ‘sensitization’ or ‘hybridization’ universally. The global crowds are continually presented to the social and social circumstances which are totally conflicting to their unique social and conventional convictions. For instance, in many (the greater part of) Asian nations, practices like dating (or any pre-marriage sex), betting and liquor drinking are reserved and unsuitable. Be that as it may, because of social desensitization, the steady introduction to these exercises through amusement appears, the individuals in Asia become desensitized to be liberated from the social hindrance lastly become progressively acknowledged and enjoyed the above said Western practices (Galander, 2008). 2. Foundation of the Study and Review of the Existing Literature Initially, globalization influenced industry, exchange, account and even horticulture of the countries, however the way of life and conventions are additionally affected by the globalization proced ure by broadening the exercises of electronic and borderless media. It has prompted the ‘statelessness’ and oligopolistic market of hardly any transnational media firms (Hamelink, 1993). With the coming of correspondence advancements, media firms entered into the remote markets by using the chances of the opening up of correspondence areas in the creating countries and attempted to make creation and conveyance productivity and manufactured their own transnational media realms (Gershon, 1993). Globalization of media outlets with the approach of transnational media has prompted the homogenization and westernization of conventions and societies. This post present day hybridization of culture has happened inside the bigger setting of monetary, political and social procedure inside the areas, countries, ethnic networks and this development was impacted by the strategy choices of the legislatures as well as by the vital administration choices of media proprietors, link admini strators, satellite suppliers and organizations. The advocacy of transnational media and procedure of globalization of electronic media raise different socio-social and moral issues in the recently developing Asian nations (Thomas, 2005). Transnational link channels apply training strategie

Adventure Tourism Consumer Motivation

Experience Tourism Consumer Motivation In this second section of the writing audit, the hypothetical foundation of inspiration is clarified. This part will adjust central point like the significance of inspiration, what spur individual to participate in experience the travel industry, extraordinarily the gen X-ers, and how inspiration could help in the dynamic procedure. 3.1. Inspiration The hypothesis of inspiration was first evolved during the Post-World War II, all the more exactly during the 50s and 60s (Zehrer and Siller, 2007). The term Motivation is started from the Latin word Movere, and this way to move (Wing, 2011). Inspiration can be characterized as the procedure by which an individual will be resolved to make a move or carry on in a specific way (Decrop, 2006). Inspiration is known to be one of the major motivations to comprehend and clarify for what reason does conduct occurred. (Snepenger, King, Marshall, and Uysal, 2006) in (Phan, 2010). Additionally, Solomon (2004) portrayed inspiration as a main impetus that pushes people to activity. Inspiration is about a condition of need and want to do and accomplish something (Moutinho, 2000) in (Esichaikul, 2012). 3.2. Inspiration in the travel industry setting Understanding the idea of inspiration in the travel industry is to comprehend the essential intentions and explanations behind sightseers to travel (Trang, 2011). A few investigations have been embraced on the travel industry inspirations, it incorporates Plog (1974), Crompton (1979), Hudman (1980); Dann (1981); IsoAhola (1982); Beard and Ragheb (1983); Pearce and Caltabiano (1983); Mansfeld (1992); Uysal and Hagan (1993); Fodness (1994); Gibson and Yiannakis (2002); Kozak (2002); Horner andSwarbrooke (2004); Kurzman and Zauhar(2005); Decrop (2006); Zehrer and Siller (2007); Devonish and Jonsoon (2008); Romando (2008); Esichaikul (2012). Heaps of research has been embraced on vacationer inspiration to head out to a specific goal however little has been done on inspiration of sightseers to take an interest in recreation or experience exercises. Few have been investigated as a feature of research and most ordinarily and ongoing ones notable are from Hudson (2003); Pomfret (2004); Phan (2010); Smerek (2010); Reynolds and Hritz (2012). Alluding to Leipers theory, understanding voyagers purchaser conduct is a fundamental device for effective the travel industry arranging and promoting movement (Choibamrong, 2005). Clearly purchasers conduct is in no way, shape or form simple and is affected by such a significant number of components mainly in globalization time 3.3. Experience, gen X-ers and Motivation Sung et al (1997) in Sung et al (2004) expressed thatin experience head out it is huge to comprehend the primary thought processes of individuals to take part in explicit exercises, breaking down the explorers attributes, for example, segment data, psychographics like fundamental needs and needs and their guideline desire (Weber, 2001). Studies have shown that more seasoned travelers saw experience the travel industry all the more enticing and need to experience themselves to increase an individual fulfillment (Gibson and Singleton, 2011). Some more seasoned individuals want to escape from pressure and fatigue of day by day schedule. They need to make the most of their days off with a scope of energizing and new genuinely moving exercises and meet new individuals to develop connections (Camden and Mccoll-Kennedy, 1990; Kludge, 2005).To comprehend inspiration in relaxation exercises is to comprehend what urged travelers to pick a specific movement (PhanThi Kim Lien, 2010). Observational examinations have demonstrated that the Travel Career Ladder (TCL) model was a satisfactory instrument in understanding travel inspiration (Kim, 1997; Lee, 1998; Loker-Murphy, 1995; Mills, 1985; Pearce, 1988, 2005; Teichmann and Zins, 2009). The TCL model is the most probableapplication for the structure of persuasive research for extraordinary markets, for example, eco travelers for example (Pearce, 2005). From this announcement, we deduct that the model is along these lines seen to be an appropriate device for experience the travel industry. The idea of the TCL model was started by Pearce (1988)and refreshed in his distribution in 2005, The Tourist Behavior: Themes and Conceptual Schemes (McNeil and Williams, 2011). Adjusted from Maslows (1970), Pearce receive the five various leveled classes of affecting the traveler inspiration (Teichmann and Zins, 2009). This incorporates Biological requirements (Relaxation needs), wellbeing and security needs (or level of incitement), Relationship improvement and expansion needs, confidence and advancement needs and Self-completion and satisfaction needs. The TCL assumed that voyagers while increasing more travel experience will go up the stepping stool towards significant level needs. Figure 2 exhibit the pecking order of Pearce Travel vocation ladder:This incorporates Fulfillment level, Self-regard and advancement, relationship, incitement and unwinding. http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/picture/1-s2.0-S0160738398000449-gr1.gif Figure 2: Hierarchy of Pearce Travel Career stepping stool Source: Ryan (1998) As indicated by the TCL model and various vacationer inspiration and experience, individuals may begin at various degree of the stepping stool; this may differs with some up warding the stepping stool and some others down warding it (McNeil and Williams, 2011). For example, another traveler in experience may wish to begin with a delicate movement like winged animal watching or pony riding, an action that request less physical endeavors, low in hazard and experience harmony and agreement. Also considering the security and wellbeing needs, one must wish a movement low from chance while the other one looking for adrenaline may need an action high in hazard. According to Phan (2010), somebody may have a more prominent requirement for accomplishment instead of a need foraffiliation, force, or uniqueness. This can include partaking in a movement or accomplishing something in solitude disengaging themselves from others in order to fulfill principle needs and wants. Moreover, such people like to set individual objectives that are neither excessively low in a manner for it to be feasible nor too high that would be unthinkable. It is noteworthy to call attention to that like Maslows chain of command of requirements, the TCL correspond with the hypothetical system, since it obviously shows that as individuals secure more encounters, their inspiration will in general change (Ryan, 1998). Additionally, Ryan (1998) takes note of that those going just because may like to book a bundle visit for greater security butin time and with more experience will select a progressively self-orchestrated travel agenda (McNeil and Williams, 2011). So also, Crompton (1979) came out with seven elements of inspiration as an impact to recreation this incorporate idealism; unwinding; distinction; investigation and self-assessment; relapse; family relationship connections improvement and assistance of social association. It is additionally seen that thought processes in social connection, improvement of human relations and joy looking for has monotonously been watched and dissected as significant persuading factor in various examin ations (Beard and Ragheb, 1983; Kim and Chalip, 2004; Kozak, 2002; Wann, Ensor and Bilyeu 2001; Zhang and Lam, 1999), refered to in (Regan and Carlson, 2009). Another device, notable in assessing visitor inspiration is the recreation inspiration size of Beard and Ragheb (1980; 1983). This is seen as a reasonable apparatus in estimating relaxation inspiration factor since it encompassesintellectual, social, dominance/ability, and improvement shirking thought processes. The scholarly components imply that individuals partaking in relaxation exercises are in journey of revelation, increment their insight. The subsequent factor is the social thought process; this infers an individual rationale that will fulfill human relationship with others, a feeling of having a place, and regard from others (Maslows progressive system, 1943). The third inspirational factor is fitness/dominance rationale. This animates people participating in recreation physical exercises to accomplish, ace, challenge and contend. The last thought process is the improvement shirking rationale, which is about idealism from the tedious everyday practice, stress and pressure, o r to revive and have rest in another condition (Phan, 2010; Niemela, 2010). 3.4. Division dependent on inspiration As per Schiffman and Kanuk (2004: 158), Market Segmentation can be characterized as the way toward separating a market into particular subsets of purchasers with normal needs or qualities and choosing at least one portions to focus with an unmistakable market mix.When discussing inspiration, it is essential to think about the part of division. The children of post war America could be considered as one section of new or future retirees yet their thought processes are assorted (Phan, 2010). Arranging the intentions into various qualities will support analysts and advertisers to profit by significant and helpful data. It has been seen that the development of experience the travel industry is chiefly because of a segment, individual, financial, political and innovative change (Swarbrookeet al. 2003). The facts demonstrate that changes are not steady and continue refreshing, yet such patterns are known to be premise of estimates for a few specialists. One of the most significant impacts of vacationer inspiration is the segment attributes (Rose and Kahle, 1998; Muso, Hall and Higham, 2004; Bonera, 2008). Socioeconomics component comprises of sexual orientation, age class, family designs, nationality (Swarbrookeet al. 2003; Bonera, 2008; Devonish and Jonsson, 2008). Numerous ladies have not many youngsters or have effectively grown-up kids living all alone and as a major aspect of family and family unit structure; there are progressively single-parent families and childless couples (Swarbrooke et al. 2003). Another perspective which is increasing more influence on the traveler inspiration is age (Bonera, 2008). Gibson and Yiannakis (2002) have contemplated this hypothesis, hidden the travel industry reason through a real existence cycle. This clarifies those gen X-ers matured from 47 to 50 are progressively inspired to travel and take part in exercises because of predominant financial advantage. This furthermore prompted a longing to flaunt their status came to, in journey of

The Benefits of Laughing in the Office

The Benefits of Laughing in the Office As a kid, when you imagine getting a job and going to work every day, you have a serious picture in your head, probably you being dress formally and wearing a business case with you, rushing to your office where other people have dressed accordingly and act in a completely professional way.This is the picture most people have until they actually step into the business world and discover the variety of organizational cultures and realize that the  picture  they have had in their minds comes mostly from the movies they’ve seen, but also stays in the movies and usually has nothing to do with reality.Nowadays, most companies are trying to be as open as possible to employees and nurture the culture where everybody feels comfortable enough to share their opinion but also share their laugh.Often you can hear that the  laughter is the best medicine, and actually, it has been proven.This doesnt stop being the truth the moment you step into your office.More and more companies are embracing t he fact that laughing in the office is actually contributing the company in many ways, and completely transforming organizational culture in order to empower people to laugh more.If you are looking for an explanation to this phenomenon or you are in a search for a way to implement this ideology in your company, you are looking at the right place.We’ll cover all the benefits of laughing in the office, as well as some useful tips to help everybody in the company laugh more.WHY THEY SAY LAUGHTER IS THE BEST MEDICINEYouve probably heard  this many times  before, even as you were a kid.You might recall complaining about a headache or a stomachache you had (sure, it was better to stop when you had enough, but who can tell how many cupcakes are enough) and the response you got from your mum or grandma was go and do something fun, don’t think about it”.You are aware now that this was coming from with the best intention, and that all your family wanted was for you to have a good laugh and relieve the pain, as it causes the release of endorphins, which are also known as “body’s natural feel-good chemicals”.It has been scientifically proven that laughter can actually improve your health. It triggers physical and emotional changes in people, leading to multiple benefits.For instance, laughter strengthens the immune system and also protects the body from  consequences from stress  that can harm people for life.When talking about stress relief, the laughter is positioned as number one.Not only that it relaxes entire body (leaving muscles relieved for the next 45 minutes), but it also boosts the mood which helps us feel better in any way.For those who are actually looking for a way to improve their health, laughing can be the way.Among other things, laughter benefits your heart condition by increasing blood flow and therefore protecting you from having a heart attack.Also, laughing is very good for your physical condition, as it burns calories, which not only hel ps you look better but also impacts your health in general.As children, we used to laugh  each day and we didn’t need any specific reason for that, but  now in adulthood,  we take things quite seriously and often forget to laugh at small enjoyable things  life  gives us, leaving them for the later.Therefore, it is up to us to start looking for opportunities to laugh and not forgetting to enjoy them, as no matter how serious life is, laughter can only improve it.7 REASONS TO START LAUGHING IN THE OFFICEBy now you probably have realized how beneficial laughter can be, but still, you might have doubts how can it be applied to your work.Here’s how laughing helps people in your company, but also your company to progress and prosper.1. Leading with laughterThis one goes to all the bosses around. Everything starts from the top, including the laughter.There are many studies that show how the fact that the leader or a boss is open enough to laugh around the office with his or her employe es influences everyone else to be  more open and ready  to laugh, too.This breeds a healthy organizational culture where everybody feels comfortable and finds joy in work, thus resulting in a better outcome of the work.It takes courage from bosses to be more connected to their employees and show this side of them.Many  fear  that they will appear as unprofessional or risk their authority, but this doesn’t have to be the case at all.On the contrary, leaders who show that can do the both â€" be the expert in what they do, but also have good time gain much more respect than those who only show their professional side.Embrace the concept of  leading with laughter  and watch how it influences the people you lead.2. Making your employees feel good  This is very important, as the one important quote says â€" “if the flower doesn’t bloom, you fix the environment, not the flower”. And this refers pretty much to the work environment.Have you ever considered how your employees feel, an d how their satisfaction contributes to the goals of the company?It has been proven that employees who are more satisfied with their work also end up being more productive and contribute to the company realizing their maximum potential.If you look from this perspective, enabling your employees to feel good should be your number one priority.And one simple thing you can start with and always do is make them laugh.This way you show them that you care about them, so they feel more accountable and take more care themselves when it comes to the company and completing their tasks.3. Showing your  colleagues  you trust themWhy we sometimes refrain ourselves from laughing at the work comes with our connecting of laughter to people who are close in our lives â€" family members or good friends.We might find it inappropriate to start laughing at the workplace or making a joke with our colleagues, which can result in a strictly formal environment where employees have a hard time to feel connect ed.On the other hand, making jokes openly and sharing a good laugh shows people you trust them and you have no fear of being misunderstood or judged because of it.This encourages others to behave the same way, because who would mind a good laugh.By sharing laughs, we show that we trust people around us and enjoy spending time with them, which can really help employees feel better and therefore improve their performance.4. Building relationships  Just imagine going to work every day and seeing your best friends.That would be a dream come true, right? It actually can be that way, just this time you have to reverse the process and let your colleagues become your best friends.Let us tell you a secret. This doesnt happen by talking about the report you have to file due Monday. This happens when you start having fun and sharing a good laugh.This can be over different things and it probably cant happen over the night, but there are many stories of long-term friendships that came out of the office.Think about how you can make somebody else’s day at the office by sharing a laugh, and watch how your day becomes better.5. Building teamsIf you analyze all the  teambuilding activities, you will realize that they are created for people to laugh while participating.This is due to the fact that people start connecting good memories with the team, which can be later carried forward to the work environment.When people find themselves enjoying time spent with a certain group of people, that’s the most natural way of building the relationships.Strong relationships build teams. Teams build results.There is a quote I always like to refer to and it goesIf you want to fast, go alone. If you want to go far, then go together.You need a good team to create extraordinary things. This refers to the companies too.If you want to make a big change or a huge difference, you will need a well-connected team, and there is no better way to connect people than to allow them to share a good lau gh.6. Building customer relationships  Now that you know how important laughter is when it comes to trusting people and connecting with them, you can imagine how powerful it would be if you did the same with your customers.There’s just one problem â€" you can’t work personally with all your customers. You need to teach your people the value of laughter.It is not easy to change the culture completely, so you have to go step by step. Make sure you lead them by example.Show them how good it feels to make a joke during the working time, or how confident you look while delivering it.As mentioned previously, it can be hard to change your behavior all of a sudden and start sharing jokes at the workplace, not to mention in front of the customers.But just imagine how relaxed would the customers feel if you appeared as someone who is an expert in the field, but also down to earth human being, willing to do good business.It would be much easier to create and nurture customer relationships, as they will start to perceive you as “a friend” in some kind of a way.Bear in mind, jokes are good but dont make jokes about your customers.Make jokes about you and your company, enabling your customers to see you in even more friendly way.7. Improving your performanceWe’ve talked a lot about other people in the company, but now it’s time to consider the most important one â€" you.You are also part of some company or a startup, no matter how small or big it is. It is also equally important for you to laugh in the office, no matter of the position you hold or title that stands under your name.If you want to start performing better and stand out amongst others â€" whether its internally or externally including other stakeholders or competition, you have to think about yourself, how you feel at the workplace and what you can do to feel better.As mentioned previously, it is quite simple. If you don’t know where to start, start from yourself and make yourself laugh.You don’ t have to be ashamed of that or think if somebody is going to resent it to you.They are all human beings and desire similar things, it’s just that you stood out as a leader and started the initiative.Think about what makes you laugh and for which work environment you would say that is perfect. Then go and make it for yourself.You have also heard many times how contagious laughing is, and you will experience it at the beginning of your quest.Before you even realize, you will find yourself coming to work with a bigger and bigger smile and finish things with more joy.This will reflect on your work and results, and you will definitely become noticed as the most positive person who knows their way to do outstanding things. Who would mind being perceived like that, right?HOW TO START AND NURTURE THE LAUGHTER CULTUREBelieve it or not, as all things in the universe, the solution is quite simple. Here are some tips on how to start implementing laughter culture in your office.1. Share with others something funny you have seenTake some time to watch a comedy movie or a show and make sure you share it with your colleagues.Better yet, organize a movie night with people from your company and make sure you pick a movie that will make you all laugh for a long time.Even though it’s just a movie night, you will find yourselves laughing over and over while recapping the funniest scenes.If you don’t have a possibility to do this, then just go ahead and find a funny video online you would like to share with your colleagues.You can share it with them or show them directly on your phone during some break.They will all be thankful for they will feel refreshed and ready to continue amazing work.2. Be sillyIf you are already an open and expressive person, this probably won’t be that hard for you.Even if you feel scared, just remember that somebody needs to start.And that somebody is you. That is why you are reading this right now.So  go ahead and act naturally, as you would act around your friends.This doesnt lower your expertise or make you less valued; it just shows that you are so confident in what you know that you dont mind showing your silly side.People will be really thankful to you the moment they start behaving themselves this way, as you were the one that showed them in the first place that this is okay and made them feel confident enough to do it.3. Organize laughing activitiesHave you ever heard of  a  laughing yoga?This is a unique type of yoga that practices laughter as good for your health and wellbeing.Why wouldn’t you find the nearest yoga center to your office and ask everybody to join you?Or better yet, in agreement with yoga center organize free laughing yoga courses for all employees.This shows how much you care and how far you are willing to go and invest in order for people in your company to feel good, be healthy and enjoy their work.It also emphasizes how important you find laughing, which will  subconsciously  lead them to thin k more about laughing and encourage them to be silly in your presence.FINAL WORD“My dog used to chase people on a bike a lot. It got so bad; finally, I had to take his bike away.  Haha, I bet I made you laugh.Or I didnt, but you still laughed at my failed attempt.You see how something so simple as this silly and  short joke  can influence how you feel in a moment. Imagine how big impact you could make if you practiced this every day with all the people who work with you.Whether you are a boss looking for a way to get closer to your employees or you are an employee looking for a way to feel better at work, this is the perfect place for you to start.And probably is the easiest solution that exists. All you have to do is laugh and encourage others to do the same.When you take into consideration all the benefits that come from laughing â€" reducing stress and conflicts, improving your immune system, boosting the mood, releasing the pain, fighting mental and physical illness you can’ t ignore how much of effect it has on your work.There is just one message â€" laugh more so you can achieve more.

Essay on Stereotyping Women That Work On Construction Sites Is Unfair

Stereotyping is a situation where a group or an individual make generalization assumption about a person or a given group of person concerning their character or gender in relation to a particular assignment or happening in our daily life within the society. In most cases human beings develop stereotypes when we have a notion or when we are unwilling or unable to obtain the required information that can be used to make a concrete judgment in situations or a bout people.   The society we live in normally unknowingly creates and perpetuates stereotypes, these fabrications in most cases lead to iniquitous discrimination and persecution when it is inauspicious. The stereotyping is commonly witnessed on women mostly in the construction sites where they are treated unfairly by their male counterparts. In the construction companies women receive the worst gender biasness as men see them as overly emotional at such work place. In the construction company when women do burst into tears at the least provocation. Men do not want show their case since they do no want be seen as â€Å"unmanly† this degrades them but the truth is that they are as well emotional. The traditional view of women as sex objects is carried to the construction company; instead of looking for what women can contribute in the company most men see them as sex objects. They always want women to satisfy their ever craving sexual desire even if the woman is never willing. If a woman acts in a way to be courteous then such men mistake it as acceptance for sex, this in most cases is not true; it is only that women are born with love and care in their hearts. Finally construction work do requires strong labors physically and in reference it is called masculine work. Being that women are not masculine there are many points where they fit and could make greater contribution in the company. When they are considered weak, their participation is considered to be of lower contribution. The stereotyping view of women should be stopped and them be viewed in a positive way. There should be mechanisms of supporting them in our society since they also have some hidden skills to offer.

Personal Narrative My Birthday Friend - 1748 Words

â€Å"Hey, birthday girl,† says John as he approaches me with open arms. I allow him to embrace me as he envelopes me, I even wrap my arms tightly around his waist as I rest my cheek on his shoulder and slide my eyes closed, having exerted all my energy. Tonight, he wears a cologne, that protrudes out of his grey winter coat. Of course, his fragrance is nothing like Angelo s, but the woodland scent appeals to my senses nonetheless. I m sure I ve taken him by surprise with my affectionate greeting, though I m positive he appreciates it as his arms tighten around me. If only our reasons could match, rather than his devout affections for me, and my harrowing heartache. â€Å"You know it s not my birthday anymore, right?† I mumble into his†¦show more content†¦For a moment, I deliberated with myself before gliding my fingertips along his skin, interlocking our fingers. Only a trickle of electricity wandered through our touch. The hummingbird stayed her wings, and not even a single butterfly fluttered around my stomach. However, I wasn t about to let these insignificant details cease my pursuit of a blossoming relationship. As my gaze travels the length of his body towards his eyes, I discover he s already gazing at me with a longing in his eyes that I m unable to fulfil. Is this how Angelo perceives me? I return his smile and even allow him to press his lips against my forehead before we resume watching the movie. The flickering images meld together as my mind commences to play its own movie. Though Patsy and I are adorned in jeans and jumpers, John chose to wear a smart shirt with his jeans. Along with his aftershave, I can t help but wonder if this was all for my benefit, to somehow allure me? Maybe he believes it s working, considering my affectionate behaviour towards him. Maybe his interaction with Angelo provoked him to change his appearance, as he even tried to mimic Angelo s hair, by parting it on the right and allowing it to kiss along his left eyebrow. At this point, it wouldn t surprise me if he dyed it to match Angelo s raven hair. I banish the thoughts from my mind, only to request their return as I focus on the screen to witness a couple, passionately kissing, before retiring to theShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Narrative Of My Life1530 Words   |  7 PagesMy Personal Narrative   Ã‚  Ã‚   One event from my life that I always remember is when I was first starting school. I was wearing a Bright Blue Basketball Shirt and a pair of Bright Blue Basketball Shorts. I woke up very early that day. When my sisters finally woke up they got ready and we went outside to wait for the bus. When the bus came my mom wanted to get pictures of us. So when we arrived at school I went to class. I was extremely nervous but when my teacher told us her name I laughed. 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Have you ever seen everything before you play out in slow motion, where you are aware of everything around you, yet not knowing what was going on? I have, and as I look back on it, I feel very blessed and protected. On March 21, 1987, I decided to take a little swim in our swimming pool and almost drowned. On that fateful day in MarchRead More Frederick Douglass Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesFrederick Douglass details the daily horrors slaves faced. In Narrative of The Life of Frederick Douglass An American Slave he depicts the plight of slavery with such eloquence that only one having suffered through it could do. Douglass writes on many key topics in slave life such as separation of families, punishment, and the truth that would lead him to freedom, and how these things work to keep slavery intact. In the words of Frederick Douglass, â€Å"My mother and I were separated when I was only but an infant†¦It

Anatomy †Structure of the Pancreas Free Essays

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY: Structure of the Pancreas The pancreas is an elongated organ that lies behind and below the stomach. This mixed gland contains both exocrine and endocrine tissues. The predominant exocrine part consists of grape-like clusters of secretory cells that form sacs known as acini, which connect to ducts that eventually empty into the the first portion of the intestine called duodenum. We will write a custom essay sample on Anatomy – Structure of the Pancreas or any similar topic only for you Order Now The smaller part of the gland consists of isolated islands of endocrine tissue known as islets of Langerhans which are dispersed throughout the pancreas. Hormones Secreted by the Pancreas The most important hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon. Both play a role in proper metabolism of sugars and starches in the body. Insulin promotes the movement of glucose and other nutrients out of the blood and into cells. When blood glucose rises, insulin, released from the beta cells causes glucose to enter body cells to be used for energy. Also, it sometimes stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver. Another pancreatic hormone, glucagon, promotes the movement of glucose into the blood when glucose levels are below normal. It causes the breakdown of stored liver glycogen to glucose, so that the sugar content of blood leaving the liver rises. Insulin is a hormone central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. Insulin causes cells in the liver, muscle, and fat tissue to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen in the liver and muscle. Insulin stops the use of fat as an energy source by inhibiting the release of glucagon. With the exception of the metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus and Metabolic syndrome, insulin is provided within the body in a constant proportion to remove excess glucose from the blood, which otherwise would be toxic. When blood glucose levels fall below a certain level, the body begins to use fat as an energy source through glycogenolysis, for example, by transfer of lipids from adipose tissue to the liver for mobilization as an energy source. As its level is a central metabolic control mechanism, its status is also used as a control signal to other body systems (such as amino cid uptake by body cells). In addition, it has several other anabolic effects throughout the body. Glucagon, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels. Its effect is opposite that of insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. [1] The pancreas releases glucagon when blood sugar (glucose) levels fall too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is re leased into the bloodstream. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels. High blood glucose levels stimulate the release of insulin. Insulin allows glucose to be taken up and used by insulin-dependent tissues. Thus, glucagon and insulin are part of a feedback system that keeps blood glucose levels at a stable level. Glucagon belongs to a family of several other related hormones. Somatostatin (also known as growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH) or somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF)) is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibition of the release of numerous secondary hormones. Function of the Pancreas The pancreas is largely responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels. The normal clinical range of blood glucose levels is 70 to 150 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter). The pancreas can measure blood sugar and if it is high or low, the pancreas releases a hormone to correct the level. Blood glucose must be maintained at a certain level for cells to neither gain or lose water. HEALTH TEACHING 1. Teach the patient sign and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia 2. Teach the patients about medication purpose, dosage, route, and possible side effects of all prescribed medications. . In patients with self-administer insulin, demonstrate patient the appropriate preparation and administration techniques. 4. Teach to the patient signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and emphasize the need for safety precautions because neuropathy decreased sensation can hide sense injuries 5. Tell to the patient the Prognosis of Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin resistance increases with age, After the fi rst few years of treatment, the majority of people with type 2 diabetes require more than one medicine to keep their blood sugar controlled 6. Teach the patient how to manage diabetes when he has a minor illness, such as a cold, or flu. 7. To encourage compliance with lifestyle changes, emphasize how blood glucose control affects long-term health. 8. Teach the patient how to care for his feet. 9. Advise him to wear comfortable, nonconstricting shoes and never to walk barefoot 10. To prevent diabetes, teach people at high risk to avoid risk factors †for example, maintaining proper weight and exercising regularly, teach to patients you can help to prevent type 2 diabetes by maintaining your ideal body weight, especially if you have a family history of diabetes. Diet and exercise have been shown to delay the onset of diabetes in people who are in the early stages of insulin resistance. If you already have been diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus type 2, you can delay or prevent complications by keeping tight control of your blood sugar. 11. Advise patients to have annual ophthalmologic examinations for early detection of diabetic retinopathy 12. Encourage the patient and his family to obtain additional information about Diabetes mellitus from nearby Diabetic foundations. How to cite Anatomy – Structure of the Pancreas, Papers

Request for Sponsorship free essay sample

Alcaraz Group Sales Manager-Area 1 Splash Direct Sales Division Splash Corporation Highest Fraternal Greetings! As a part of our fervent campaign in bringing forth excellence from every individual and celebrating the freedom of thought and self-expression of every people, we, the Kappa Sigma Kappa Delta Sigma Confraternity, a duly recognized confraternity in the University of the Philippines, will be holding our annual HIMIGSIKAN on 26th of February 2013, 7pm, at Meanwhile Bar, Balibago Angeles City. HIMIGSIKAN, our confraternity’s major event, is the much-awaited student-oriented musical affair not only for UP students but for the youth and all music lovers as well that highlights a coveted acoustic performance competition from different student organizations in our university. This year’s theme shall be Sarap at Pait ng Pagsasama, Ilalahad sa Awit ng Barkada In line with this, we are cordially asking for your assistance for the success of our event’s endeavor. Rest assured all solicitations will only be used to enhance and to further improve our plans for the event. We will write a custom essay sample on Request for Sponsorship or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We are looking forward to you for being a part in this fervent cause. We are hoping to hear from you soon. May God’s richest blessings be unto you! Sincerely Yours, Teddy Calilung Grand Lord Sigman Kenn Carlov Twano Sigman Master Scribe [pic] [pic] University of the Philippines Extension program in Pampanga Claro M. RectoHighway, CSEZ,Pampanga Co. reg. no. CN200618309 Co. TIN 006-532-105 www. kappasigmafraternity. net [emailprotected] com KAPPA SIGMA-KAPPA DELTA SIGMA CONFRATERNITY VDFGCOSFGCONFRATERNITYCONFRATERNITY Council of Masters and Lady Sigmans A. Y 2012-2013 Grand Lord Sigman: Teddy Calilung Deputy Grand Lady Sigman: Jessa Claire Pangilinan Sigman Master of Initiation: Michael John Aguas Sigman Lady of Rites: Ila Bernice Malenab Sigman Master Scribe: Kenn CarlovTwano Sigman Lady Master of Scroll: Monica Del Puerto Sigman Lady Master Bursars: Jhoane Capili Janne Kazel Punzalan Sigman Lady Master Herald: Analyn Pineda Prof. Penelope Nalo Faculty Adviser

5 Glaring Signs Your Coworkers Are Untrustworthy

5 Glaring Signs Your Coworkers Are Untrustworthy You don’t have to be best friends with your coworkers. We know some of you want to keep the personal and the professional separate, and that’s totally fine. But at the very least, you should be able to trust your coworkers. You certainly wouldn’t want to find out that someone else in the office has been taking credit for your hard work or passing along things you say in confidence to the wrong people. So it is wise to take note of when a colleague may be less than honest. Here are 5 signs that will help you weed out the untrustworthy.1. You’re the subject of gossip.Have you ever suspected that a coworker was whispering behind your back? And do you suspect that the coworker is whispering about you? Are things you said to that coworker in private getting around the office? These are all warning signs that someone is gossiping about you. And you can never trust a gossip.2. You’ve been robbed.Did you ever have a great idea that you mentioned to a cowork er who then went ahead and passed off that idea as his or her own? That’s not so much a warning sign as a great big flashing red light alerting you that he or she is not honest. It would be ideal to work in an environment in which having your ideas or work stolen is not a concern, but sometimes it’s best to keep your best ideas close to your chest.If this does happen to you, don’t be shy about having a private meeting with your manager to talk about the issue and how you should handle it in the future.3. You’re being left out.Ever find yourself left out of important meetings or email threads? Maybe these are just a harmless oversights, but finding yourself chronically left out might indicate that a coworker is jealous of your abilities and does not want you to shine by participating in crucial office confabs. If you find that it’s always the same coworker who is â€Å"accidentally† leaving you out of those meetings of minds, that coworker mi ght have an axe to grind against you. Again, please don’t feel out of line by reporting this type of behavior should be reported to management.4. You’re the scapegoat.Do you sometimes get blamed for mistakes you didn’t make? Do you feel fingers pointing at you behind your back? Then someone might be trying to turn you into the office scapegoat. This may be random harassment, or someone might be trying to cover up her or his own blunders by making them yours. If you regularly find yourself taking the heat for someone else’s screw-ups, that someone might be the culprit behind your scapegoat status.Always stand up for yourself and  get everything in writing. Even if you have to shoot off a quick â€Å"just confirming what we discussed at my desk this afternoon† email, do it. You can never be too safe.5. You’re the victim of sabotage.Did a project you worked hard on end up getting lost or a well-organized presentation end up mysteriously turni ng into a mess? Then someone might be deliberately sabotaging your work. Yes, it seems juvenile, but these things do happen in the adult work world. Just be sure that there is strong evidence that a particular coworker is sabotaging your work before making any accusations. You don’t want to falsely accuse anyone or mistakenly blame a coworker for your own errors. Then your coworkers might start thinking that you’re the one who isn’t completely trustworthy.

Calculating the Change in Entropy From Heat of Reaction

Calculating the Change in Entropy From Heat of Reaction The term entropy refers to disorder or chaos in a system. The greater the entropy, the greater the disorder. Entropy exists in physics and chemistry, but can also be said to exist in human organizations or situations. In general, systems tend toward greater entropy; in fact, according to the second law of thermodynamics, the  entropy  of an isolated system can never spontaneously decrease. This example problem demonstrates how to calculate the change in entropy of a systems surroundings following a chemical reaction at constant temperature and pressure. What Change in Entropy Means First, notice you never calculate entropy, S, but rather change in entropy,  ÃŽâ€S. This is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. When  ÃŽâ€S is positive it means the surroundings increased entropy. The reaction was exothermic or exergonic (assuming energy can be released in forms besides heat). When heat is released, the energy increases the motion of atoms and molecules, leading to increased disorder. When ΔS is negative it means entropy of the surroundings were reduced or that the surroundings gained order. A negative change in entropy draws heat (endothermic) or energy (endergonic) from the surroundings, which reduces the randomness or chaos. An important point to keep in mind is that the values for  ÃŽâ€S are for  the surroundings! Its a matter of point of view. If you change liquid water into water vapor, entropy increases for the water, even though it decreases for the surroundings. Its even more confusing if you consider a combustion reaction. On the one hand, it seems breaking a fuel into its components would increase disorder, yet the reaction also includes oxygen, which forms other molecules. Entropy Example Calculate the entropy of the surroundings for the following two reactions.a.) C2H8(g) 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) 4H2O(g)ΔH -2045 kJb.) H2O(l) → H2O(g)ΔH 44 kJSolutionThe change in entropy of the surroundings after a chemical reaction at constant pressure and temperature can be expressed by the formulaΔSsurr -ΔH/TwhereΔSsurr is the change in entropy of the surroundings-ΔH is heat of reactionT Absolute Temperature in KelvinReaction aΔSsurr -ΔH/TΔSsurr -(-2045 kJ)/(25 273)**Remember to convert  °C to K**ΔSsurr 2045 kJ/298 KΔSsurr 6.86 kJ/K or 6860 J/KNote the increase in the surrounding entropy since the reaction was exothermic.  An exothermic reaction is indicated by a positive  ÃŽâ€S  value. This means heat was released to the surroundings or that the environment gained energy. This reaction is an example of a combustion reaction. If you recognize this reaction type, you should always expect an exothermic reaction a nd positive change in entropy.Reaction bΔSsurr -ΔH/TΔSsurr -(44 kJ)/298 KΔSsurr -0.15 kJ/K or -150 J/KThis reaction needed energy from the surroundings to proceed and reduced the entropy of the surroundings. A negative  ÃŽâ€S  value indicates an endothermic reaction occurred, which absorbed heat from the surroundings.Answer:The change in entropy of the surroundings of reaction 1 and 2 was 6860 J/K and -150 J/K respectively.

Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising - Article Example Definition. According to Ventola (669-684), direct to Consumer Advertising (DTCA) is a type of marketing that is extensively and exclusively observed in the pharmaceutical industry. Although this form of marketing promotion is observed in other industries, the term is exclusively derived from the marketing promotion in the pharmaceutical industry. In this regard, the marketing activities are primarily focused towards the patients’ end unlike targeting the healthcare professionals. The promotional activities or tools that are generally used in this form of marketing include the use of print media, television, radio, social media, and many more. In the present day context, marketing activities are identified as playing an effective role in the promotion of a product and/or service. Subsequently, different promotional tools are used by companies with the aim of making an effective reach to a large number of customers in a global context. Thesis Statement. The prime objective of the study is to undergo a comprehensive review of DTCA in the pharmaceutical industry in the US. In this regard, the paper focuses on understanding the concepts of DTCA and the history of different types of advertisements surrounding DTCA. The report also emphasizes the rules and regulations governing the promotional activity in the US. Moreover, it also intends to reveal the advantages as well as the disadvantages of adapting DTCA in the US pharmaceutical market. Some of the remedies that would lead to the growth of the pharmaceutical industry in the US through adapting DTCA are also discussed. Further, the report also highlights the effect of DTCA on health insurance and the pharmaceutical industry that has to lead to the shift of promotional activities towards social media for attracting customers.

Module 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Module 3 - Essay Example taz Mahal, â€Å"Chosen one of the Palace,† about whom it is said, â€Å"The moon hid its face in shame before her.† The two were inseparable, so it was not unusual that she accompanied him to subdue a rebellion even if she was on the ninth month of her pregnancy. During the birth of their fourteenth child, the queen suffered complications, but it is said that just before she died she made her husband promise that he would build a mausoleum for her, one of outstanding beauty not before seen. It is said of the queen that she was a kind and wonderful woman who helped hundreds of women in distress (Wijesinha, 2010), so her death was deeply mourned by the nation. Six months after her death, Shah Jahan, still grieving, built her mausoleum across the Jamuna River, near the royal palace. It was the Taj Mahal, made of white marble and described as delicately ethereal, pearly pink during the dawn and opalescent in the moonlight. As a work of art, the structure evoked harmony, grace and purity. The Taj Mahal is the finest example of Mughal architecture which is a combination of Persian, Ottoman Turkish, and Indian architectural styles (Hasan, 1994; Du Temple, 2003). The tomb is a perfectly symmetrical building with an iwan or arch-shaped doorway, framed by a large pishtaq and topped by a huge marble dome and finial. The base structure is a multi-chambered cube with chamfered corners and forming an unequal octagon. Four minarets stand at the four corners surrounding the tomb. The Taj Mahal is an architectural wonder of the world because of its one of the world’s most beautiful buildings. It is a â€Å"poem in marble† which is stunning if viewed under a full moon (Wijesinha, 2010); however, it is renowned not only because of its resplendent and intricate beauty, but because it is a monument to a deep and undying love by a king for his beautiful and well-loved queen. Even after four and a half centuries, is still today India’s most popular tourist site. Wijesinha,

Cultural and gender comparison of Russia and the US Essay -- essays re

Cultural Comparison of Russia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gender roles in Russia have dramatically changed since the fall of the former Soviet Union and the fall of communism. It is hard to look directly at the constitution of Russia seeing as though the drafting and redrafting of their constitution is still underway. However, looking at the constitution of the former Soviet Union, you can see it is clearly stated that: â€Å"Women and men have equal rights.† It is very clear that in the Soviet Union they were trying to make it so that women and men were equal. It is still clear today that those same basic ideals are present in Russia. Women are clearly more equal in their country than in ours. In the workforce as well as in the home, women play a more equal role than in the present day United States. However, for the sake of this paper, let us just look at the infrastructure of Russia, formerly known as the Soviet Union or USSR.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In terms of employment, the former Soviet Union had the largest percentage of women in the labor force than any other comparative society. This still remains the case in the present day Russia. Unemployed women in Russia will be quickly employed. They have a very high success rate of reemploying women if they were to lose their jobs. â€Å"Compared to Western women, although Russian women have a much higher representation in law, medicine and engineering as well as in the skilled trades, such as metalworking and construction,...

Critical Thinking and Problem solving Essay

Numerous decisions are taken every day. People choose when to get up on a certain morning, what clothing to wear, and whether to read a particular book. Most of the decisions made throughout the day are relatively trivial or inconsequential. It probably does not matter too much if it is decided to sleep an extra 15 minutes on a certain morning or if a blue shirt is selected rather than a green one. However, some of the decisions can carry substantial consequences. Choosing to get an undergraduate or graduate degree, deciding on a new job or career, or selecting one vendor out of many candidates to be the long-term supplier of a company of a necessary resource are important decisions that are likely to have a significant and meaningful impact. Learning, understanding, and applying critical thinking and problem-solving skills can improve the quality of the decisions that mean the most to us. The research paper also explores some fields where critical thinking proves a pathfinder in finding the correct solution to a problem. Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Introduction Critical thinking and problem solving have been identified as essential skills for college students. Problem solving is defined as a step-by step process of defining the problem, searching for information. The goal of problem solving is to find and implement a solution, usually to a well defined and well- structured problem. Critical thinking is a broader term describing reasoning in an open-ended manner, with an unlimited number of solutions. The critical thinking process involves constructing the situation and supporting the reasoning behind a solution. Traditionally, critical thinking and problem solving have been associated with different fields: critical thinking is rooted in the behavioral science, whereas problem solving is associated with the math and science disciplines. Although a distinction is made between the two concepts, in real life situations the terms critical thinking and problem solving are often used interchangeably. In addition, assessment tests frequently overlap or measure both skills. Problem solving is defined as understanding the problem, being able to obtain background knowledge, generating possible solutions, identifying and evaluating the process, and exhibiting problem-solving dispositions. It is easy to fall into routine ways of thinking instead of being creative. The accompanying display lists some common barriers to creative thinking. A major block to creativity is groupthink (going along with the majority opinion while personally having another viewpoint). Nurses or the employees of the company, who engage in groupthink generally, wish to avoid interpersonal conflict. It takes intellectual courage to think something new and different from one’s peers, and then act on those thoughts. Independent thinking is a hallmark of persons who think critically and creatively. Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Critical thinking includes problem solving and decision making processes. People use problem solving in their daily lives. With the problem-solving method, problems are identified, information is gathered, a specific problem is named, a plan for solving the problem is developed, the plan is put into action, and results of the plan are evaluated. However, this kind of problem solving is frequently based on incomplete data, and plans are sometimes based on incomplete data, and plans are sometimes based on guesses. Conversely, the nurse uses the nursing process to identify and to make decisions about client needs. It is a systematic and scientifically based process that requires the use of many cognitive and psychomotor skills. According to Costello-Nikitas, the following actions interfere with effective problem solving: †¢ Jumping too quickly toward a conclusion before exploring all the aspects of the problem †¢ Failing to obtain critical facts, about either the problem or proposed change †¢ Selecting problems or changes that are too general, too complex, or poorly defined †¢ Failing to articulate a rational solution to the problem or proposed change †¢ Failing to implement and evaluate the proposal appropriately Definition, Explanation and Importance of Problem Solving E. Paul Torrance’s definition of creativity fully describes problem solving and suggests the skill needed to reach this higher level goal: The process of sensing problems or gaps in information, Forming ideas or hypotheses, testing and modifying These hypotheses and communicating the results (Torrance 1994). A problem is â€Å"a question or situation that presents doubt, perplexity, or difficulty or a question offered for consideration, discussion or solutions† (Webster 1995). Problems are ever present in the life, preschoolers learn to say† I have a problem and apply the phrase to everything from a broken crayon to muddy shoes. Adults spend a great deal of time worrying about their own problems, which range from how to get three kids to various ball practices on the same afternoon to devastating financial or health problems. The ability to solve problems is highly important and should be a significant part of educational training. Higher-level Thinking Skills Schools curriculums often include the development of higher-level thinking skills, processes that require more mental effort than simple memory and recall. For example, many social studies guides denote decision making and problem solving (higher-level thinking skills) as key skills (Riecken and Miller 1990), which students use to solve problems. Higher-level thinking skills are sometimes known as higher-order thinking skills or productive thinking skills. Treffinger and Nassab (1996) discuss productive thinking and define it as including â€Å"creative thinking, critical thinking, problem solving, and decision-making†¦. † They further discuss the fact that productive thinking â€Å"builds on a rich knowledge base, motivation, personal characteristics and styles, and meta-cognitive skills. † Critical Thinking Swartz and Perkins (1990) discuss critical thinking as the â€Å"the critical examination and evaluation—actual and potential—of benefits and courses of action. Numerous lists of critical thinking skills exist; however, close analysis of them often reveals similarities in semantics. One list of critical thinking skills (Maker and Nielson 19996) follows: †¢ Determining fact and opinion †¢ Choosing relevant from irrelevant information †¢ Determining the accuracy of a statement †¢ Determining the credibility of a source †¢ Recognizing ambiguities †¢ Identifying underlying assumptions †¢ Determining external and internal bias †¢ Recognizing valid and fallacious arguments Critical thinking in Nursing Profession Nurses use critical thinking skills in each step of the nursing process. â€Å"Everything nurses do require high level thinking; no action is performed without critical thinking† (Rubenfeld & Scheffer, 1999) â€Å"Because the conclusions and decisions, nurses make affect people’s lives, our thinking must be guided by sound reasoning—precise, disciplined thinking that promotes accuracy and depth of data collection, and seeks to clearly identify the issues at hand. The role of the nurse has shifted from one of â€Å"hand maiden† to one of an autonomous partner in health care delivery. The impact of technological expansion and the increased acuity level of patients, combined with consumer demand for accountability and responsibility, have fueled this change. Currently, novice nurses must possess cognitive skills that require critical thinking. The nurse uses critical thinking to solve problems, make decisions, and establish priorities in the clinical setting. The framework for solving patient problems is called the nursing process. Critical thinking is an essential skill in the administration of safe, component nursing care. Critical thinking may be defined as â€Å"the process of purposeful, self regulatory judgment. The process gives reasoned consideration to evidence, contexts, conceptualizations, methods, and criteria† (American Philosophical Association, 1990) Ennis describes critical thinking as â€Å"reasonable, reflective thinking that is focused on deciding what to believe or do† (Nosich, 2001). Critical thinking is a goal directed; it is thinking with a purpose. Critical thinking also involves questioning. These questions include: Why? Who? What if? When? Where? Data are collected and organized within the critical thinking process. Pertinent data are separated from irrelevant data. Related data are clustered together to encourage the recognition of patterns. These clusters of data are then analyzed, and successful solutions to problems are identified. Knowledge Critical thinking calls for a knowledge base that includes declaration knowledge, (specific facts or information) and operative knowledge (an understanding of the nature of that knowledge). Nursing curricula assist the student in learning specific facts about nursing and the delivery of quality care. Students are also taught how to examine the belief underlying the facts in order to analyze and interpret those facts. In other words, students are not expected to merely repeat facts that have been memorized but instead to understand the reasoning behind the knowledge. Finding meaning in what one is learning is the core of critical thinking. In order to think critically, to solve problems, and so make decisions, nurses must develop a broad base of knowledge. This knowledge base includes information from other disciplines such as science (anatomy, physiology, and biology), psychology and philosophy (logic) Nurses apply this knowledge to specific client situation through critical thinking. Critical thinking and Problem solving in Business Gone are the days when management expected workers to check their brains at the door. As a knowledge worker, one is expected to use one’s brains in thinking critically. One will be solving problems and making decisions. Faced with a problem or an issue, most of us do a lot of worrying before separating the issues or making a decision. All that worrying can become directed by channeling it into the following procedure: 1) Identify and clarify the problem Your first task is to recognize that a problem exists. Some problems are big and unmistakable, such as failure of an air-freight delivery service to get package to customers on time. Other problems may be continuing annoyances, such as regularly running out of toner for an office copy machine. The first step in reaching a solution is pinpointing the problem area. 2) Gather Information Learn more about the problem situation. Look for possible causes and solutions. This step may mean checking files, calling suppliers, or brainstorming with fellow workers. For example, the air-freight delivery service would investigate the tracking systems of the commercial airlines carrying its packages to determine what went wrong. 3) Evaluate the evidence Where did the information come from? Does it represent various points of view? What biases could be expected from each source? How accurate is the information gathered? Is it fact or opinion? For example, it is a fact that packages are missing; it is an opinion they are merely lost and will sum up eventually. 4) Consider alternatives and implications Draw conclusions from the gathered evidence and pose solutions. Then weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. What are the costs, benefits, and consequences? What are the obstacles, and how can they be handled? Most important, what solution best serves your goals and those of your organization? This is where your creativity is especially important. 5) Implement the best alternative Select an alternative and put it into action. Then, follow through on your decision by monitoring the results of implementing your plan. The freight company decided to give its unhappy customers free delivery service to make up for the lost packages and downtime. Be sure to continue monitoring and adjusting the solution to ensure its effectiveness over time. Developing critical thinking and problem solving skills in the child Reasoning, critical thinking or general intellectual functioning is one of the strongest predictors of academic success and resilience. Teaching children problem solving – how to figure things out—is key to success learning, and problem solving is characterized by the ability to generate possible strategies, analyze those strategies,, and anticipate their possible consequences. Skills that a child learns to master under the heading of problem solving include planning, flexibility, resourcefulness, and critical thinking. Planning entails looking ahead, anticipating possible outcomes, and making healthy choices. Flexibility entails shifting plans when one’s original strategy does not work out. Resourcefulness involves seeking help when needed, using resources intelligently, and developing â€Å"street smart. † Critical thinking refers to higher-order thinking skills that go beneath surface impressions and opinions to offer understanding and deeper meaning to an event or situation. Conclusion Many decisions don’t need much thought. Relatively small, routine, or mundane choices generally don’t require spending a lot of time or energy because the outcomes associated with these types of decisions probably don’t affect very much. Important decisions can shape lives, and decision quality is improved if person critically analyze the problems by considering new and different options, weighing the evidence objectively, looking at a problem from a different angle that gives different insights, developing novel solutions that effectively solve dilemmas, and accurately forecasting the probable impact of our decisions. Critical thinking is a process that emphasizes a rational basis for what one believes and provides standards and procedures for analyzing, testing, and evaluating beliefs. Critical thinking skills enable decision makers to define problems within the proper context, to examine evidence objectively, and to analyze the assumptions underlying the evidence and beliefs. Critical thinking enables to understand and deal with the positions of others and to clarify and comprehend one’s own thoughts as well. When critical thinking is applied, all aspects of the decision process are involved, from defining the problem, identifying and weighing decision criteria, and generating and evaluating alternatives to estimating the consequences that will result from our decisions. However, critical thinking does not mean that a person always make best possible decisions, never reach the wrong conclusion, and never make mistakes; it is simply a process person apply that enables, to arrive at superior; it is simply a process one apply that enables, to arrive at superior decisions consistently. Problem solving is a part of decision making. A systematic process that focuses on analyzing a difficult situation, problem solving always includes a decision-making step. Many educators use the terms problem solving and decision making synonymously, but there is a small yet important difference between the two. Although decision making is the last step in the problem-solving process, it is possible for decision making to occur without the full analysis required in problem solving. Because problem solving attempts to identify the root problem in situations, much tine and energy are spent on identifying the real problem. Decision making, on the other hand, is usually triggered by a problem but is often handled in a manner that does not eliminate the problem. Reference DeLaune, Carter, Sue. Ladner, Kelly, Patricia. (2002). Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards & Practice. US: Thomson Delmer Learning. Pg. 82, 89 Heywood, John. (2000). Assessment in Higher Education: Student Learning Teaching, Programmes and†¦ England: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Pg 177 Meador, S, Karen. (1997). Creative Thinking and Problem Solving for Young Learners. Westport: Libraries Unlimited. Pg. 69, 70 Marquis, L, Bessie. Huston, Jorgenson, Carol. (2005). Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: theory and Application. Wolters Kulwer Health. The NPEC sourcebook on assessment. US: DIANE Publishing. Pg. 11 Williams, W, Steve. (2002). Making Better Business Decisions: Understanding and Improving Critical. North America: Saga Publications. Pg. 1-3

Analysis Of The Short Article On Being An Atheist

James Shank October 12, 2015 Phil 201- B06 The Problem of Evil H. J. McCloskey is the author of the short article â€Å"On Being an Atheist†. He has also written many more books on the support of atheism. For this essay we will be looking at his article â€Å"On Being an Atheist†. In his article, McCloskey examines many Christian arguments for the existence of God. McCloskey not only says that Christians are wrong in using these arguments but he critically analyzes them from the view point of a devout atheist. While H. J. McCloskey gives his strong beliefs on the existence of God and reason behind evil being in the world, a Christian can still stand firm in their beliefs because of supporting evidence. McCloskey often and strongly believes that there are â€Å"proofs† which exist in the world. These â€Å"proofs† provide â€Å"sound† reasoning for why the existence of God is impossible. From Foreman’s presentation we can learn that we cannot use â€Å"proofs† to best explain th e existence of God. As we look in the world and universe around us we see that God is the best possible approach. Just like we use best possible approach in the sciences, we can use the best possible approach to support that God does indeed exist. In all reality when we are faced with an argument, we can always find a way to refute the opposing view point. Fortunately, on the topic of God exists one comes to the end of the road eventual. God cannot be explained in the minds of men for we cannot comprehend God, no one can. For weShow MoreRelatedComm 101 Persuasive Speech Outline1453 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication 101 Persuasive Speech Outline Organization: Problem-Solution Audience analysis: My audience consists of one 39 year old female who is college educated and works part time. 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